Cotman, Carl W

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Elevated stearoyl-CoA desaturase in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Giuseppe Astarita; Kwang-Mook Jung; Vitaly Vasilevko; Nicholas V Dipatrizio; Sarah K Martin; David H Cribbs; Elizabeth Head; Carl W Cotman; Daniele Piomelli (Profiled Author: Cotman, Carl W)

Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America.
PloS one 2011;6(10):e24777.

The molecular bases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unclear. We used a lipidomic approach to identify lipid abnormalities in the brains of subjects with AD (N = 37) compared to age-matched controls (N = 17). The analyses revealed statistically detectable elevations in levels of non-esterified monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and mead acid (20:3n-9) in mid-frontal cortex, temporal cortex and hippocampus of AD patients. Further studies showed that brain mRNAs encoding for isoforms of the rate-limiting enzyme in MUFAs biosynthesis, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD-1, SCD-5a and SCD-5b), were elevated in subjects with AD. The monounsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio ('desaturation index')--displayed a strong negative correlation with measures of cognition: the Mini Mental State Examination test (r = -0.80; P = 0.0001) and the Boston Naming test (r = -0.57; P = 0.0071). Our results reveal a previously unrecognized role for the lipogenic enzyme SCD in AD.

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