Gary M Fiskum

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Neuroprotective effects of bilobalide, a component of the Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), in gerbil global brain ischemia.

K Chandrasekaran; Z Mehrabian; B Spinnewyn; K Drieu; G Fiskum (Profiled Author: Gary M Fiskum)

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MSTF 5-34, 685 West Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. kchandra@anesthlab.umm.edu
Brain research 2001;922(2):282-92.

The neuroprotective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) against ischemic injury has been demonstrated in animal models. In this study, we compared the protective effect of bilobalide, a purified terpene lactone from EGb 761, and EGb 761 against ischemic injury. We measured neuronal loss and the levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded cytochrome oxidase (COX) subunit III mRNA in vulnerable hippocampal regions of gerbils. At 7 days of reperfusion after 5 min of transient global forebrain ischemia, a significant increase in neuronal death and a significant decrease in COX III mRNA were observed in the hippocampal CA1 neurons. Oral administration of EGb 761 at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day and bilobalide at 3 and 6 mg/kg/day for 7 days before ischemia progressively protected CA1 neurons from death and from ischemia-induced reductions in COX III mRNA. In addition, both bilobalide and EGb 761 protected against ischemia-induced reductions in COX III mRNA in CA1 neurons prior to their death, at 1 day of reperfusion. These results suggest that oral administration of bilobalide and EGb 761 protect against ischemia-induced neuron death and reductions in mitochondrial gene expression.

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